Missions to Mars (from all countries)

Launch Date Spacecraft Outcome Operator Carrier Rocket Mission Remarks
10OCT1960 1M No.1 Launch failure OKB-1 Soviet Union Molniya Flyby Failed to orbit
14OCT1960 1M No.2 Launch failure OKB-1 Soviet Union Molniya Flyby Failed to orbit
24OCT1962 2MV-4 No.1 Launch failure Soviet Union Molniya Flyby Booster stage ("Block L") disintegrated in Low Earth Orbit (LEO)
01NOV1962 Mars 1 (2MV-4 No.2) Spacecraft failure Soviet Union Molniya Flyby Communications lost before flyby
04NOV1962 2MV-3 No.1 Launch failure Soviet Union Molniya Lander Never left Low Earth Orbit (LEO)
05NOV1964 Mariner 3 Launch failure NASA United States Atlas LV-3 Agena-D Flyby Payload fairing failed to separate
28NOV1964 Mariner 4 Successful NASA United States Atlas LV-3 Agena-D Flyby Closest approach at 01:00:57 UTC on 15 July 1965
30NOV1964 Zond 2 (3MV-4A No.2) Spacecraft failure Soviet Union Molniya Flyby Communications lost before flyby
25FEB1969 Mariner 6 Successful NASA United States Atlas SLV-3C Centaur-D Flyby  
27MAR1969 2M No.521 Launch failure Soviet Union Proton-K/D Orbiter Failed to orbit
27MAR1969 Mariner 7 Successful NASA United States Atlas SLV-3C Centaur-D Flyby  
02APR1969 2M No.522 Launch failure Soviet Union Proton-K/D Orbiter Failed to orbit
09MAY1971 Mariner 8 Launch failure NASA United States Atlas SLV-3C Centaur-D Orbiter Failed to orbit
10MAY1971 Kosmos 419 (3MS No.170) Launch failure Soviet Union Proton-K/D Orbiter Never left Low Earth Orbit (LEO), booster stage burn timer set incorrectly
19MAY1971 Mars 2 (4M No.171) Mostly successful Soviet Union Proton-K/D Orbiter Entered orbit 27 November 1971, operated for 362 orbits. Mapping operations unsuccessful due to dust
19MAY1971 Mars 2 lander (SA 4M No.171) Spacecraft failure Soviet Union Proton-K/D Lander Deployed from Mars 2, failed to land during attempt on 27 November 1971
28MAY1971 Mars 3 (4M No.172) Mostly successful Soviet Union Proton-K/D Orbiter Entered orbit 2 December 1971, operated for 20 orbits.[5] Mapping operations unsuccessful due to dus
28MAY1971 Mars 3 lander (SA 4M No.172) Partial failure Soviet Union Proton-K/D Lander Deployed from Mars 3, landed at 13:52 UTC on 2 December 1971, contact lost 14.5 seconds after transm
28MAY1971 Prop-M Rover rover (SA 4M No.172) Spacecraft failure Soviet Union Proton-K/D Rover Failed to deploy
30MAY1971 Mariner 9 Successful NASA United States Atlas SLV-3C Centaur-D Orbiter Entered orbit on 14 November 1971, deactivated 516 days after entering orbit
21JUL1973 Mars 4 (3MS No.52S) Spacecraft failure Soviet Union Proton-K/D Orbiter Failed to perform orbital insertion burn
25JUL1973 Mars 5 (3MS No.53S) Partial failure Soviet Union Proton-K/D Orbiter Failed after 9 days in Mars orbit, returned 180 frames
05AUG1973 Mars 6 (3MP No.50P) Spacecraft failure Soviet Union Proton-K/D Lander Flyby Contact lost upon landing, atmospheric data mostly unreadable. Flyby bus collected data.[7]
09AUG1973 Mars 7 (3MP No.51P) Spacecraft failure Soviet Union Proton-K/D Lander Flyby Separated from coast stage prematurely, failed to enter Martian atmosphere
20AUG1975 Viking 1 lander Successful NASA United States Titan IIIE Centaur-D1T Lander Deployed from Viking 1 orbiter, operated for 2245 sols
20AUG1975 Viking 1 orbiter Successful NASA United States Titan IIIE Centaur-D1T Orbiter Operated for 1385 orbits
09SEP1975 Viking 2 lander Successful NASA United States Titan IIIE Centaur-D1T Lander Deployed from Viking 2 orbiter, operated for 1281 sols
09SEP1975 Viking 2 orbiter Successful NASA United States Titan IIIE Centaur-D1T Orbiter Operated for 700 orbits
07JUL1988 Phobos 1 (1F No.101) Spacecraft failure Soviet Union Proton-K/D-2 Orbiter Phobos lander Communications lost before reaching Mars, failed to enter orbit
12JUL1988 Phobos 2 (1F No.102) Partial failure Soviet Union Proton-K/D-2 Orbiter Phobos lander Orbital observations successful, communications lost before landing
25SEP1992 Mars Observer Spacecraft failure NASA United States Commercial Titan III Orbiter Lost communications before orbital insertion
07NOV1996 Mars Global Surveyor Successful NASA United States Delta II 7925 Orbiter Operated for seven years
16NOV1996 Mars 96 (M1 No.520) Launch failure Rosaviakosmos Russia Proton-K/D-2 Orbiter Penetrators Never left Low Earth Orbit (LEO)
04DEC1996 Mars Pathfinder Successful NASA United States Delta II 7925 Lander Landed at 19.13°N 33.22°W on 4 July 1997[8]
04DEC1996 Sojourner Successful NASA United States Delta II 7925 Rover Operated for 84 days[9]
03JUL1998 Nozomi (PLANET-B) Spacecraft failure ISAS Japan M-V Orbiter Ran out of fuel before reaching Mars
11DEC1998 Mars Climate Orbiter Spacecraft failure NASA United States Delta II 7425 Orbiter Approached Mars too closely during orbit insertion attempt due to unit conversion error and burned u
03JAN1999 Deep Space 2 Spacecraft failure NASA United States Delta II 7425 Penetrator Deployed from MPL, no data returned
03JAN1999 Mars Polar Lander Spacecraft failure NASA United States Delta II 7425 Lander Failed to land
07APR2001 Mars Odyssey Still Operational NASA United States Delta II 7925 Orbiter Expected to remain operational until 2025.
02JUN2003 Beagle 2 Lander failure ESA Europe Soyuz-FG/Fregat Lander Deployed from Mars Express. Successful landing, but two solar panels failed to deploy, obstructing i
02JUN2003 Mars Express Still Operational ESA Europe Soyuz-FG/Fregat Orbiter Enough fuel to remain operational until 2026.
10JUN2003 Spirit (MER-A) Successful NASA United States Delta II 7925 Rover operated for 2208 sols
08JUL2003 Opportunity (MER-B) Still Operational NASA United States Delta II 7925H Rover  
02MAR2004 Rosetta Successful ESA Europe Ariane 5G+ Gravity assist Flyby in February 2007 en route to 67P/Churyumov.Gerasimenko[10]
12AUG2005 MRO Still Operational NASA United States Atlas V 401 Orbiter  
04AUG2007 Phoenix Successful NASA United States Delta II 7925 Lander  
27SEP2007 Dawn Successful NASA United States Delta II 7925H Gravity assist Flyby in February 2009 en route to 4 Vesta and Ceres
08NOV2011 Fobos-Grunt Spacecraft failure Roskosmos Russia Zenit-2M Orbiter Phobos sample Never left Low Earth Orbit (LEO) (intended to depart under own power)
08NOV2011 Yinghuo-1 Failure CNSA PR China Zenit-2M Orbiter To have been deployed by Fobos-Grunt
26NOV2011 Curiosity (Mars Science Laboratory) Still Operational NASA United States Atlas V 541 Rover  
05NOV2013 Mars Orbiter Mission (Mangalyaan) Still Operational ISRO India PSLV-XL Orbiter Entered Mars orbit on 24 September 2014. Mission extended till 2020.[11]
18NOV2013 MAVEN Still Operational NASA United States Atlas V 401 Orbiter Orbit insertion on September 22, 2014[12]
14MAR2016 ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter Still Operational ESA/Roscosmos Europe/Russia Proton-M/Briz-M Orbiter  
14MAR2016 Schiaparelli EDM lander Partial failure ESA Europe Proton-M/Briz-M Lander Carried by the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter. Lander crashed, but test declared successful.[13][14]